Kniga postroena kak opisanie eksperimenta po prochteniyu sovremennogo literaturno-chudozhestvennogo teksta s pomoshh′yu , t.e. glazami chitatelya pervoj treti XIX v.: Pushkin chitaet Makanina. Osnovnuyu chast′ raboty sostavil kommentirovannyj slovar′, v kotorom retrospektivno otrazhena grammaticheskaya, semanticheskaya i slovoobrazovatel′naya evolyuciya slov i vyrazhenij russkogo yazyka na protyazhenii polutora vekov. Eksperimental′nye dannye pozvolyayut sdelat′ ryad novych nablyudenij nad zhizn′yu slov i ich izmeneniyami v svyazi s razvitiem kul′tury, rostom nauchnych znanij, stanovleniem novoj . Dlya leksikologov, leksikografov, specialistov po obshhemu yazykoznaniyu, prepodavatelej russkogo yazyka. The book is constructed as a description of a process of understanding a modern work of a belles-lettres fiction through the mirror of , as if Pushkin reads Makanin. There are two principal subjects of research in the book: the functioning linguistic competence and development of Russian words, constructions, expressions during a century and half. Evolution of realias and conceptions are also under consideration. The main part of the book is represented as commented vocabulary wich contains information about morphological, semantic and pragmatic changes in temporal dimension. At the same time analysis of comprehension of these changes through linguistic consciousness of native speaker from the Pushkin epoch is realized. As a result it is possible to explain mechanisms of linguistic competence and to formulate new theory of Russian language functioning in connection with progress of culture, growth scientific knowledge and formation of linguistic-based modern world-model.