Russko-sanskritskij sravnitel′nyj slovar′ predstavlyaet soboj pervyj sistematicheskij svod leksicheskich schozhdenij russkogo yazyka i sanskrita. Pri ego sozdanii avtory opiralis′ na dostizheniya istoricheskogo yazykoznaniya, raboty po etimologii rossijskich i zarubezhnych issledovatelej i osobenno na nasledie akademika O.N.Trubachyova i «Etimologicheskij slovar′ slavyanskich yazykov. Praslavyanskij leksicheskij fond». V nastoyashhem izdanii avtorami podrobno issledovano okolo 850 leksem-sootvetstvij.Slovar′ postroen po principu polnoleksemnogo sravneniya podobnogo s podobnym i maksimal′nogo istoricheskogo sblizheniya sravnivaemych leksem. Sovremennye russkie zaglavnye slova vystupayut v nyom kak klyuch k praslavyanskim rekonstruirovannym formam, kotorye i yavlyayutsya ob′′ektom sravneniya s sanskritskimi slovami. Etim dostigaetsya maksimal′naya istoricheskaya glubina issledovaniya. Slovar′ prednaznachen dlya specialistov (slavistov, sanskritologov, etimologov, indoevropeistov) i shirokogo kruga chitatelej, interesuyushhichsya istoriej i etimologiej slov russkogo yazyka. Slovar′ budet polezen izuchayushhim sanskrit, poskol′ku pomozhet glubzhe ponyat′ iskonnyj smysl mnogich drevneindijskich slov. Thedictionaryisthefirst comprehensivestudyoflexicalsimilarities between Russian and Sanskrit. In creating it, the authors drew on the contributions and historical works of Russian and other linguistic researchers of etymology, especially the works of Russian Academician O.N. Trubachev and “Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages” published by Vinogradov Institute of Russian Language. In this first edition ofourcomparativedictionary,about850lexicalcorrespondences are explained in detail. The dictionary is built on a “like for like” equivalence principle of comparing similar grammatical forms and the maximumhistorical convergence of compared lexemes. Modern Russian headwords in the dictionary open the way to Proto-Slavic reconstructed forms that are compared to Sanskrit words. This helps to achieve the maximum historical depth of the study. The dictionary is intended for language specialists, eg those studying the Slavic languages, Sanskrit and Indo-European etymology, as well a wide range of readers interested in the history and etymology of Russian words. Further, it will be of use to students of Sanskrit, wishing to understandtheoriginal meaningofmany ancient Indian words.